{"id":21897,"date":"2022-09-18T08:03:00","date_gmt":"2022-09-18T08:03:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/test.otpor.media\/index.php\/2022\/09\/18\/https-otpor-media-kako-su-svjetski-giganti-ugasili-duhansku-proizvodnju-u-bih-i-preuzeli-domace-trziste\/"},"modified":"2024-07-04T13:35:16","modified_gmt":"2024-07-04T13:35:16","slug":"https-otpor-media-kako-su-svjetski-giganti-ugasili-duhansku-proizvodnju-u-bih-i-preuzeli-domace-trziste","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otpor.media\/?p=21897","title":{"rendered":"Kako su svjetski giganti ugasili duhansku proizvodnju u BiH i preuzeli doma\u0107e tr\u017ei\u0161te?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Zlatno doba duhanske industrije u na\u0161oj zemlji koje su ugasili svjetski duhanski divovi preuzev\u0161i tr\u017ei\u0161te je dio historije uni\u0161tene industrije u Bosni i Hercegovini i potencijal turisti\u010dke ponude za koju se tek treba izboriti, pi\u0161e portal Klix.ba<\/sup><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ovo je tema koja se aktualizirala povodom obilje\u017eavanja 70 godina od utemeljenja duhanskog instituta u Mostaru gdje su o\u017eivjela sje\u0107anja na zlatno doba duhanske proizvodnje i analiziralo njeno ga\u0161enje, te iznijele ideje za o\u010duvanje tradicije koja bi mogla biti turisti\u010dki brend.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Profesor na poljoprivrednom i prehrambenom fakultetu u Sarajevu Hamid \u0106ustovi\u0107 koji je prvi posao imao na Duhanskom institutu u Mostaru taj period smatra jednim od najljep\u0161ih u karijeri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Duhanari su bili posebni u svakom pogledu, ne samo sa stanovi\u0161ta proizvodnje nego i sa stanovi\u0161ta njihovog na\u010dina razmi\u0161ljanja, pristupa, organiziranja posla i svega ostalog. To je bila monopolska kultura koja je dozvoljava razvoj i koja je napredovala dugo godina, me\u0111utim opstanak duhana, na\u017ealost nije vi\u0161e mogao da se odr\u017ei. Do\u0161le su nove tehnologije i pristupi, novi brendovi cigareta i tome sli\u010dno, a mi u to vrijeme nismo dobili dovoljno podr\u0161ke da bi prevladali tu situaciju i morali smo da zatvorimo sve kapacitete koji nisu bili mali i da se integriramo i spojimo s tada\u0161njim Hepokovim istra\u017eiva\u010dko – razvojnim centrom, kada smo osnovali Institut za poljoprivredu i razvoj”, ka\u017ee \u0106ustovi\u0107.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prisje\u0107aju\u0107i se tog perioda koji je kako ka\u017ee za njega bio poseban u svakom pogledu je zahvalan entuzijastima koji \u010duvaju tradiciju i kulturu duhana koja je imala veliki zna\u010daj u BiH.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Na\u017ealost tip duhana kojega smo mi proizvodili u Hercegovini vi\u0161e nije konkurentan na tr\u017ei\u0161tu. Zna se da monopol dr\u017ee velike kompanije i proizvo\u0111a\u010di stvaraju razli\u010dite ukuse cigareta i tome sli\u010dno, a na\u0161 orijentalni duhan nije mogao tome da se prilagodi. Bilo je poku\u0161aja ovdje da se tako\u0111er uklju\u010dimo u proizvodnju novih sorti duhana. Taj poku\u0161aj je bio uspje\u0161an u Posavini ali ni to se nije uspjelo odr\u017eati, jer nismo priveli kra\u0161ka polja kulturi, nije do\u0161lo do procesa navodnjavanja, nismo imali dobru organizaciju. Mislim da duhanska industrija nije bila zainteresirana da zadr\u017ei ovu vrstu duhana i ovaj brenda. Po mom mi\u0161ljenju je duhanska industrija upropastila proizvodnju duhana na podru\u010dju Hercegovine i ljudi su ostali bez te proizvodnje koja je njima \u017eivot zna\u010dila”, ka\u017ee \u0106ustovi\u0107.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podsje\u0107a da je proizvodnja duhana odr\u017eala Hercegovinu, a najvi\u0161e siroma\u0161nije kr\u0161ko podru\u010dje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Tada je duhan bio zlata vrijedan, jer se nije morao odmah prodavati na tr\u017ei\u0161tu. Mogao se sa\u010duvati za sljede\u0107u godinu i osigurati bolju cijenu. Toga danas nema i naravno da je to sve platio ruralni razvoj i ostanak ljudi na selu i \u017eivot uop\u0107e koji se potpuno promijenio na\u017ealost”, zaklju\u010dio je sarajevski profesor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dugogodi\u0161nji direktor Instituta i istra\u017eiva\u010dkog razvojnog centra HEPOK Vladimir Trnini\u0107 podsje\u0107a da je u povijesti ljudskog dru\u0161tva bilo perioda kad jedna kultura dominira, ne samo pokrajinom, dr\u017eavom, kontinentom, nego svijetom i da je to u jednom periodu bio i duhan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“U jednom periodu je duhan u svjetskim razmjerima bio kultura broj jedan, a Hercegovina je imala tu sre\u0107u da je kod nje taj period trajao dosta dugo i duhan je kao robna kultura ostvario mogu\u0107nost da su mnoge generacije hercegova\u010dke djece zavr\u0161ila \u0161kole, postali veliki znanstvenici i nositelji \u017eivota u svojoj, ali i ostalim regijama. Ta sre\u0107a na\u017ealost 60-tih godina pro\u0161log stolje\u0107a po\u010dinje da jenjava, tako da smo sad do\u0161li u situaciju u kojoj je duhan sporedna kultura u kojoj nema nekih velikih anga\u017emana ljudi i stanovni\u0161tva”, rekao je Trnini\u0107.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Direktor Federalnog agromediteranskog zavoda u Mostaru Marko Ivankovi\u0107 isti\u010de kako je jako mali broj povr\u0161ina duhana danas u na\u0161oj zemlji i da se svodi na svega desetke hektara.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Informacije koje sam dobio prije par dana vezano za ukupnu proizvodnju na sjeveru, dakle vird\u017einskih duhana svela se na 5 hektara u Ora\u0161ju, \u0161to je zanemarivo, 50-ak hektara u Bijeljini i u Grada\u010dcu desetak hektara. Dakle ukupno kad pogledate BiH i na\u0161 hercegova\u010dki tip duhana i vird\u017einiske tipove to je proizvodnja u izumiranju i te povr\u0161ine su svedene na minimum minimuma”, kazao je Ivankovi\u0107.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stoga se pokrenula inicijativa u cilju o\u010duvanja tradicije da se u Hercegovini duhan proizvodi kao turisti\u010dki proizvod u ograni\u010denoj seriji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“To je izvanredna ideja koju poku\u0161avamo realizirati mi kao nositelji znanstveno-istra\u017eiva\u010dkog rada u duhanu. Ideje smo plasirali prije svega prema donatorima, cilj je zaokru\u017eiti tu proizvodnju i uzeti stvar u svoje ruke. Nama je ciljna grupa za tr\u017ei\u0161te rezani duhan koji \u0107e biti u razli\u010ditim pakiranjima od 40, 80, 100,150 grama i mislim da ima svoju tr\u017ei\u0161nu ni\u0161u”, ka\u017ee Ivankovi\u0107.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tvrdi da su ve\u0107 zainteresirale velike kompanije British American Tobacco i Philip Morris, ali \u0107e se vidjeti \u0161ta \u0107e biti od toga.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“S druge strane Mediteranski agronomski institut iz Barija priprema jedan projekt vezan za na\u0161 duhan, jer su na jugu Italije tako\u0111er uzgajali na\u0161u sortu i zvali su je Ercegovina. Povezali smo se njima i mislim da \u0107emo idu\u0107ih godina napraviti taj projekt i da on ima svoju tr\u017ei\u0161nu ni\u0161u kao premium proizvod, turisti\u010dke potro\u0161nje, kao lokalna sorta. On ne mo\u017ee biti konkurencija velikim proizvo\u0111a\u010dima i mo\u017ee biti jedan unikatni lokalni proizvod za koji se treba izboriti u narednim godinama”, objasnio je Ivankovi\u0107.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

U nadi da \u0107e se uspje\u0161no realizirati ta pri\u010da on se osvrnuo i na period osnivanja Duhanskog instituta kada su na podru\u010dju BiH djelovale tri tvornice duhana i \u010dinjenicu da su sve uga\u0161ene.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“U duhanu je sve odre\u0111eno, duhan je svugdje u svijetu monopol dr\u017eao, a duhana mo\u017ee biti u primarnoj proizvodnji koliko \u017eeli dr\u017eava, i ako ga ne \u017eeli nimalo ne\u0107e ga biti. Dakle sve je odre\u0111eno i tr\u017ei\u0161ta nema. Dolaskom tr\u017ei\u0161nih uvjeta u gospodarstvo BiH ve\u0107ina duhanskih stanica je uga\u0161ena, a zadnja je uga\u0161ena u Stocu 2012. godine. Po zakonu se ne mo\u017eete uzgajati duhan ako nema ugovora za proizvodnju \u0161to se odnosi i na tvornice. Naravno te tvornice nisu mogle izdr\u017eati svjetsku konkurenciju British American Tobacco i Philip Morris i drugih tako da su one zapravo kupljenje od velikih duhanskih divova, a ja bih rekao da je zapravo kupljeno tr\u017ei\u0161te jer su one zatvorene i ne proizvode. To je sudbina malih na tr\u017ei\u0161tu velikih”, zaklju\u010dio je direktor Federalnog agromediteranskog zavoda u Mostaru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klix.ba<\/sup><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zlatno doba duhanske industrije u na\u0161oj zemlji koje su ugasili svjetski duhanski divovi preuzev\u0161i tr\u017ei\u0161te je dio historije uni\u0161tene industrije u Bosni i Hercegovini i potencijal turisti\u010dke ponude za koju se tek treba izboriti, pi\u0161e portal Klix.ba. Ovo je tema koja se aktualizirala povodom obilje\u017eavanja 70 godina od utemeljenja duhanskog instituta u Mostaru gdje su […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13361,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"iawp_total_views":1,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[70],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21897","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-poljopriveda-i-ekologija"],"yoast_head":"\nKako su svjetski giganti ugasili duhansku proizvodnju u BiH i preuzeli doma\u0107e tr\u017ei\u0161te? - OTPOR.Media<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/otpor.media\/?p=21897\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hr_HR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kako su svjetski giganti ugasili duhansku proizvodnju u BiH i preuzeli doma\u0107e tr\u017ei\u0161te?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Zlatno doba duhanske industrije u na\u0161oj zemlji koje su ugasili svjetski duhanski divovi preuzev\u0161i tr\u017ei\u0161te je dio historije uni\u0161tene industrije u Bosni i Hercegovini i potencijal turisti\u010dke ponude za koju se tek treba izboriti, pi\u0161e portal Klix.ba. 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